Battery Technology

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Batteries are essential everyday life items. They can be found in small and large devices such as flashlights, computers, mobile devices and automobiles. A battery stores electrical energy in the form of chemical energy, and converts that energy into electricity. A typical battery is a collection of one or more cells in which chemical reactions generate electrons that flow in a circuit. Cutting-edge battery technologies with transformative potential include: new generation lithium-ion, lithium-sulfur, and solid state batteries.

All batteries are made up of three major components:

• Anode - a negative electrode
• Cathode - a positive electrode
• Electrolyte - a substance that reacts chemically with the anode and cathode

Metals, metal oxides, and solvents are also frequently used materials in the battery industry.

Thermo Fisher Scientific offers a wide range of quality products to support battery research and manufacturing. Please see tables below and click on Stock No. for more details or to order product.

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Battery components

Battery Anode Materials

Materials include, among others: natural and artificial graphite, carbon black, fullerenes, lithium foil, oxides of bismuth, germanium, silicon, and tin.

Product code Description Pack size
039724 Carbon black, acetylene, >99.9% 250g, 1kg, 3kg
45527 Carbon black, acetylene, 100% compressed, >99.9% 250g, 2x500g
H30253 Carbon black, Super P™ Conductive, 99+% (metals basis) 25g, 100g
46311 Fullerene powder, 99% C60 250mg, 1g, 5g
11155 Germanium(IV) oxide, Puratronic™, 99.999% 5g, 25g, 100g
40798 Graphite powder, synthetic, conducting grade, -325 mesh, 99.9995% (metals basis) 28g, 113g, 227g, 454g
10769 Lithium foil, 0.75mm (0.03in)thick x 19mm (0.75in) wide, 99 25g
89709 Silicon(IV) oxide, 99.8% (metals basis) 250g, 1kg, 5kg
88777 Silicon(IV) oxide, 99.995% (metals basis) 25g, 100g
10856 Silicon(IV) oxide, Puratronic™ 99.999% (metals basis) 100g
12283 Tin(IV) oxide, 99.9% (metals basis) 100g, 500g, 2kg
10760 Zinc shot, 1-6mm (0.04-0.24in), Puratronic™, 99.9999% (metals basis) 50g
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Battery Cathode Materials

Materials typically include oxides of transition metals that can accommodate lithium by changing their oxidation states.

Product code Description Pack size
14049 Lithium cobalt(III) oxide, 97% 50g, 250g, 1kg
42090 Lithium cobalt(III) oxide, 99.5% (metals basis) 25g, 100g
40250 Lithium manganese(III,IV) oxide, 99.5% (metals basis) 25g, 100g
43766 Sulfur powder, 99.5% 500g, 2kg
33394 Sulfur Powder, sublimed, -100 mesh, 0.995 500g, 2kg
10755 Sulfur pieces, 99.99% (metals basis), Puratronic™ 10g, 50g, 250g
10343 Sulfur Pieces, Puratronic™, 99.9995% (metals basis) 25g, 100g, 500g
12839 Lithium sulfide, 99.9% (metals basis) 2g, 10g, 50g, 250g
44263 Zinc oxide, 99.9% (metals basis) 250g, 1kg, 5kg
Q28975 Zinc Oxide SQ 500g 500g
Q28978 Zinc Oxide SQ 5kg 5kg
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Battery Electrolytes

An electrolyte is a substance that produces an electrically conducting solution when dissolved in a polar solvent, e.g., water. Electrolytes typically include most soluble acids, bases and salts.

Product code Description Pack size
A10552 Sodium bromide, 99+% (dry wt.), water <1.0% 250g, 1000g, 5000g
13408 Lithium bromide, anhydrous, 99% min 100g, 500g, 2500g
13405 Lithium nitrate, anhydrous, 99% 25g, 250g, 1kg, 5kg
A16199 Potassium hydroxide, flake, 85% 500g, 2500g, 10000g
13407 Lithium hydroxide, anhydrous, 98% 25g, 100g, 500g
10804 Manganese(II) chloride tetrahydrate, Puratronic™, 99.999% (metals basis)™ 10g, 50g
Q26695 Potassium Hydoxide Flakes SQ 500g 500g
H27307 Lithium bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide, 98+% 10g, 50g
011529 Lithium hexafluorophosphate, 98% 10g, 50g, 1g
011528 Lithium tetrafluoroborate, 98% 10g, 50g
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Battery Metals

Pure metals such as aluminum, copper, nickel and alloys like steel are available in many forms including sheets, wires, ribbons, powders, spheres and plates.

Product code Description Pack size
44332 Aluminum foil, 0.5mm (0.02 in.) thick, annealed, Puratronic™, 99.9999% (metals basis) 50 × 50mm, 100 × 100mm, 100 × 500mm
40707 Aluminum Ultrathin foil, 0.8 micron thick, 99.1% (metals basis) 30x30mm, 140x140mm
43424 Aluminum foil, 0.25mm (0.01 in.) thick, annealed, Puratronic™, 99.9995% (metals basis) 50x50mm, 100x100mm, 100x500mm
42189 Copper foil, 99.999% (metals basis), Puratronic™ 50 × 50mm, 100 × 100mm, 100 × 300mm
46986 Copper foil, 0.025mm (0.001 in.) thick, annealed, uncoated, 99.8% (metals basis) 30x30cm, 30x150cm, 30x1000cm
41785 Nickel Wire, 0.15mm (0.006 in.) dia., approx.99%, Nickel 200 (metals basis) 250m, 1000m
40946 Stainless Steel wire, 0.51mm (0.02 in.) dia., Type 304 50cm, 150cm
46579 Aluminum Magnesium gauze , alloy 5056, 20 mesh woven from 0.23mm (0.009 in.) dia. wire 75 × 75mm, 150 × 150mm, 300 × 300mm
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Organic Solvents/Electrolyte Components

Conventional electrolytes consist of an organic solvent, e.g., ethylene carbonate, with a dissolved lithium salt.

Product code Description Pack size
A12260 1-Methyl-2-pyrrolidinone, 99+% 10000g
A12477 Diethyl carbonate, 99+% 2500ml, 10000ml
A15735 Ethylene carbonate, 99% 500g, 2500g, 10000g
H60822 Vinyl ethylene carbonate, 4-Vinyl-1,3-dioxolan-2-one, 99% 50g, 250g
A15552 Propylene Carbonate, 99% 1000g, 2.5kg
H61502 Fluoroethylene carbonate, 4-Fluoro-1,3-dioxolan-2-one, 98% 100g
19740 1-n-Butylpyridinium chloride, 98% 50g
H27270 1-Butyl-2,3-dimethylimidazolium chloride, 99% 50g
H61502 4-Fluoro-1,3-dioxolan-2-one, 98% 25g, 100g
Q34285 1-Methyl 2-Pyrillidone SQ 500mL 500 mL
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Interstitials

Interstitial materials are used for the control of thermal conductance. They include carbonate and other solvents, Lithium ions (e.g., PF6, BF4, CO3), polyethylene, polypropylene and other polymers in sheets or powder form.

Product code Description Pack size
A10239 Polyethylene powder, low density, 500 micron 100g, 500g, 2500g
45176 Polyethylene sheet, High Density, 12.7mm (0.5 in.) thick 300x300mm
45175 Polyethylene sheet, Low Density, 3.18mm (0.125 in.) thick 300x300mm
45197 Polyethylene sheet, Low Density, 6.35mm (0.25 in.) thick 300x300mm
45196 Polypropylene sheet, 3.18mm (0.125mm) thick 300x300mm
11529 Lithium hexafluorophosphate, 98% 1g, 10g, 50g
11528 Lithium tetrafluoroborate, 98% 10g, 50g
H27307 Lithium bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide, 98+% 10g, 50g
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Binders

Binders are inert materials that hold the active material particles within the electrode of a battery together to maintain a strong connection between the electrode and the contacts.

Product code Description Pack size
J61887 Alginic acid sodium salt, high viscosity 100g, 250g, 1kg
L04280 Acrylic acid, 99%, stab. with ca 200ppm 4-methoxyphenol 100g, 500g
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